Medical, Health & Safety in Italy

When it comes to Italy travel health and safety, there are a few things to keep in mind.

Common diseases

There are no major or endemic diseases in Italy that you need to be aware of at this time, but to be on the safe side, you should consult the World Health Organization (WHO) for country-specific health news and updates before you travel.

The most common ailment that travelers are likely to encounter is seasonal flu or gastrointestinal distress, so make sure you wash all fresh fruits and vegetables and frequently wash your hands. Street food will typically be safe to eat, but ensure that food looks properly cooked.

Mosquito-borne illnesses may be present in rural areas in the warmer months, so take steps to avoid mosquito bites wherever possible.

Vaccinations

While there are no required vaccinations to enter Italy, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that travelers to Italy be up-to-date on their routine vaccines — i.e., MMR, tetanus, the seasonal flu shot — as well as COVID-19 and hepatitis A and B vaccines.

Certain areas of northern Italy are at risk for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), so if you’re traveling there and planning to spend extensive time outdoors, the TBE vaccine is also recommended.

For more details and up-to-date information, check the CDC’s Travelers’ Health page for Italy, both well in advance and shortly before your departure.

Local medical treatment

Italy is known worldwide for its healthcare system, and public hospitals provide quality care. However, travelers from the U.S. should always carry travel insurance for emergency medical services, as it can be expensive to pay out of pocket.

Although pharmacies (farmacie in Italian) are abundant and provide over-the-counter medication, it’s never a bad idea to carry a well-stocked first-aid kit and any prescription drugs you may need during your trip.

If you need emergency assistance, dial 112 — this number is the same throughout the European Union. Redpoint policyholders can also contact our 24/7 assistance line at +1-415-481-0610 for help and guidance.

Water & food

Tap water is safe to drink in most of Italy, though bottled water is widely available. Avoid drinking from non-potable sources, like fountains, unless explicitly marked. Italy’s fresh-food culture is justifiably renowned worldwide, and so food is generally considered safe to eat. Just make sure any seafood and shellfish you eat is properly cooked.

Air quality

Due to traffic and industrial pollution, air quality in major cities, like Rome, Milan, and Naples, can be poor. If you have a respiratory condition, monitor local news and check an air-quality index each day and take the relevant precautions.

Crime & personal safety

Before your flight takes off for Italy, check to see if the U.S. Department of State has any travel advisories for your destination and register for its Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) in case of emergencies.

That said, Italy is relatively safe, but petty crimes, like pickpocketing, do occur in crowded areas and on public transportation. Transport hubs and tourist locations are often hotbeds of this kind of crime, so exercise caution and stay particularly vigilant. Secure your belongings and stay alert, and avoid isolated areas at night.

If you’re the victim of a crime, alert the local police office or local authorities. Try to avoid taking public transportation at night, and stay vigilant if you do.

Natural disasters

Earthquakes and volcanic activity occur in certain regions, particularly in southern Italy and near Mount Etna in Sicily. Familiarize yourself with local emergency procedures, and monitor local media to stay updated.

Italy can also experience extreme, unsafe heat during the summer months. Do not exert yourself during the hottest parts of the day, stay properly hydrated, and follow the instructions of local authorities about dealing with extreme heat.

Local laws

Italy has strict laws against drug possession, and penalties for public drunkenness or disorderly behavior can be more severe than in other nations. This can often come as a surprise to tourists, who think they are simply having a good time, so make sure you behave respectfully.

In general, it’s a good idea to always carry an ID in case local authorities ask for it. For comprehensive information on crime and safety, visit the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

If you plan to drive or rent a car while you’re in Italy, you’ll need an International Driving Permit in addition to your American driver’s license. Be sure to obtain one, and also familiarize yourself with the driving etiquette in urban areas versus on rural roads.